The Many Uses of Copper (II) Ammonia Complex

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Copper (II) Ammonia Complex, also known as Cu(OH)2·NH3, is an important chemical compound with many valuable applications. The compound is most commonly used in the production of fertilizers, pesticides, pigments, plant growth regulators, and more. It is also used in the production of copper-based alloys, catalysts, and antifouling agents. Additionally, Cu(OH)2·NH3 can also be found in many industrial processes, such as electroplating, electrorefining, and metallurgical processes.

Chemical Structure and Properties of Cu(OH)2·NH3

Chemical Structure and Properties of Cu(OH)2·NH3

Cu(OH)2·NH3 is an ionic complex formed by one copper atom and two oxygen atoms bonded to the central copper atom, along with two ammonia molecules. The compound has a molar mass of 110.46 g/mol and a density of 2.3 g/cm3 at 25°C. It is insoluble in water and has a low solubility in ethanol and methanol.

The compound is also known to be thermally stable and has a melting point of 537.6 °C. It is also highly hygroscopic and absorbs water from the atmosphere, forming a blue-green colored powder. This powder is also highly reactive with strong oxidizing agents.

Applications of Cu(OH)2·NH3

Applications of Cu(OH)2·NH3

Cu(OH)2·NH3 is used in a wide range of applications, from industrial processes to the production of fertilizers, pesticides, and plant growth regulators. In industrial processes, the compound is used as a catalyst in electroplating and electrorefining processes. It is also used as an antifouling agent in ship hulls and as a pigment in paints and coatings.

In agriculture, the compound is used as a fertilizer, as it provides copper, nitrogen, and hydroxide ions to the soil. It is also used as a pesticide, as it is toxic to many plant pests, and as a plant growth regulator, as it can stimulate or inhibit growth of certain plants. Additionally, it is also used as an animal feed supplement, as it is an essential nutrient for animals.

Safety Precautions for Handling Cu(OH)2·NH3

Safety Precautions for Handling Cu(OH)2·NH3

Cu(OH)2·NH3 is an inorganic compound and, as such, it should be handled with caution. It is toxic in large concentrations and can irritate the skin and eyes. It should be kept away from direct sunlight, heat, and open flames, as it is flammable. Additionally, it should be kept away from strong oxidizing agents, as it is reactive and can cause a fire or an explosion. Protective clothing, such as goggles, gloves, and a face mask, should be worn when handling the compound.



Cu(OH)2·NH3 is an important compound with many valuable applications. It is used in the production of fertilizers, pesticides, pigments, and plant growth regulators, as well as many industrial processes. It is toxic and reactive, so it should be handled with caution. With its wide range of uses, Cu(OH)2·NH3 is an invaluable compound with many benefits.

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